Haemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins in the lower rectum and anus. They develop due to increased pressure in this area, often caused by straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, prolonged sitting, or pregnancy.

Haemorrhoids can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus). While mild cases may not cause significant discomfort, more severe conditions can lead to pain, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements. Early treatment helps in managing symptoms and preventing complications.